多囊卵巢症

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

高血压：女，31岁，月经不自然。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

影像观感：盆腔医学影像和MRI T2WI显示上皮细胞增高，周围囊蒸大于12亚厘米。周围上皮细胞细胞质在医学影像上爆冷回声，MRI上较差瞬时。未见优势内膜。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多囊上皮细胞病征

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多囊上皮细胞病征也叫S-L病征。是女适度不孕的最常见因素。主要是由于肾脏紊乱造成长时间无排卵和适度激素分泌过盛。PCOS近似于三联征：肥胖、闭经和多毛病征。但仅有至少病患观感为此三联病征。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用影像检验进一步获取更多资讯。近似于的医学影像/MRI征象还包括：上皮细胞增高、变圆，泌尿系统多发梨形蒸，上皮细胞细胞质US上爆冷回声，T2WI较差瞬时。PCOS病患要求长时间随访，因长时间激素水平过高，可能会继发乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自腹部影像传染病即日）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊上皮细胞病征

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 泌尿系统的

4. follicles n. 梨形

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 爆冷回声的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不育

7. endocrinologic 肾脏的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 适度激素过多病征

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 输精管

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛病征

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 上皮细胞

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 细胞质

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生回声（适度）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 激素

原篇名：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊上皮细胞病征